{"id":18,"date":"2019-06-09T11:23:16","date_gmt":"2019-06-09T11:23:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.erbao.us\/?p=18"},"modified":"2022-07-15T17:18:24","modified_gmt":"2022-07-15T09:18:24","slug":"how-to-develop-a-business-model-for-your-company","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.erbao.us\/?p=18","title":{"rendered":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53d1\u5c55\u7b80\u53f2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"18\">\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4f20\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u53e4<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u57c3\u53ca<\/a>\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u77401941\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u673a\u5668\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u201c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u201d\uff08ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u6700\u521d\u662f\u57281956\u5e74DARTMOUTH\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u90a3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u4eec\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u5b83\u8fd8\u4e0d\u957f\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6bd4\u9884\u60f3\u7684\u8981\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece40\u5e74\u524d\u51fa\u73b0\u81f3\u4eca\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u8bb8\u591aAI\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u5b83 \u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"anchor-list \"><a class=\"lemma-anchor para-title\" name=\"3_1\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"sub5816869_3_1\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u65f6\u4ee3\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"3-1\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"para-title level-3  \" data-index=\"3_1\" data-pid=\"19\">\n<h3 class=\"title-text\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u65f6\u4ee3<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"20\">1941\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u53d1\u660e\u4f7f\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9769\u547d.\u8fd9\u9879\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5fb7\u56fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684 \u53d1\u660e\u5c31\u662f\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a.\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8981\u5360\u7528\u51e0\u95f4\u88c5<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%A9%BA%E8%B0%83\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7a7a\u8c03<\/a>\u7684\u5927\u623f\u95f4\uff0c\u5bf9<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E5%91%98\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458<\/a>\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u573a\u5669\u68a6\uff1a\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00 \u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u5343\u7684\u7ebf\u8def.1949\u5e74\u6539\u8fdb\u540e\u7684\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f7f\u5f97\u8f93\u5165\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u4e9b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a \u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u51fa\u73b0.\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7528\u7535\u5b50\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5a92\u4ecb.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"21\">\u867d\u7136\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e3aAI\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u6280\u672f\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u523050\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u4eba\u4eec\u624d\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4eba\u7c7b\u667a\u80fd\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4 \u7684\u8054\u7cfb. NORBERT WIENER\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7814\u7a76\u53cd\u9988\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00.\u6700\u719f\u6089\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u6e29\u5668.\u5b83 \u5c06\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u623f\u95f4\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0e\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u5c06\u52a0\u70ed\u5668\u5f00\u5927\u6216\u5173\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63a7\u5236\u73af\u5883\u6e29\u5ea6.\u8fd9\u9879\u5bf9\u53cd\u9988 \u56de\u8def\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\uff1aWIENER\u4ece\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6d3b\u52a8\u90fd\u662f\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7ed3\u679c.\u800c\u53cd\u9988\u673a\u5236\u662f\u6709\u53ef \u80fd\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u673a\u5668<\/a>\u6a21\u62df\u7684.\u8fd9\u9879\u53d1\u73b0\u5bf9\u65e9\u671fAI\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5f71\u54cd\u5f88\u5927.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"22\">1955\u5e74\u672b\uff0cNEWELL\u548cSIMON\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&#8221;\u903b\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6&#8221;(LOGIC THEORIST\uff09\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba \u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aAI\u7a0b\u5e8f.\u5b83\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6811\u5f62\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u679d\u6765\u6c42\u89e3 \u95ee\u9898.&#8221;\u903b\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6&#8221;\u5bf9\u516c\u4f17\u548cAI\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4f7f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3aAI\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891.1956\u5e74\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e4b\u7236\u7684JOHN MCCARTHY\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5b66\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c06\u8bb8\u591a\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u667a\u80fd\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u5b66\u8005\u805a\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00 \u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba.\u4ed6\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u5230 VERMONT\u53c2\u52a0 &#8221; DARTMOUTH\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u590f\u5b63\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a&#8221;.\u4ece\u90a3\u65f6\u8d77\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a &#8220;\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd&#8221;.\u867d\u7136 DARTMOUTH\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e0d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u786e\u5b9e\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e86AI\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8005\u4eec\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4ee5\u540e\u7684AI\u7814\u7a76\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"23\">DARTMOUTH\u4f1a\u8bae\u540e\u76847\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0cAI\u7814\u7a76\u5f00\u59cb\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55.\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u8fd8\u6ca1\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3 \u5df2\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86. CARNEGIE MELLON\u5927\u5b66\u548cMIT\u5f00\u59cb\u7ec4\u5efaAI\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3.\u7814\u7a76\u9762\u4e34\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u9700 \u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728&#8221;\u903b\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6&#8221;\u4e2d\u51cf\u5c11\u641c\u7d22\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"24\">1957\u5e74\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c&#8221;\u901a\u7528\u89e3\u9898\u673a&#8221;(GPS\uff09\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u7531\u5236\u4f5c&#8221;\u903b\u8f91\u4e13\u5bb6&#8221; \u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u5f00\u53d1\u7684.GPS\u6269\u5c55\u4e86WIENER\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u5f88\u591a\u5e38\u8bc6\u95ee\u9898.\u4e24\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0cIBM\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aAI\u7814 \u7a76\u7ec4.HERBERT GELERNETER\u82b13\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u5236\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51e0\u4f55\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"25\">\u5f53\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d8c\u73b0\u65f6\uff0cMCCARTHY\u6b63\u5fd9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2aAI\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7a81\u7834.1958\u5e74MCCARTHY\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u6210 \u679c\uff1aLISP\u8bed\u8a00. LISP\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u8fd8\u5728\u7528.&#8221;LISP&#8221;\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f&#8221;\u8868\u5904\u7406&#8221;(LIST PROCESSING\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570AI\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u91c7\u7eb3.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"26\">1963\u5e74MIT\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u7b14220\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u5668\u8f85\u52a9\u8bc6\u522b.\u8fd9\u7b14\u8d44\u52a9\u6765\u81ea\u56fd\u9632\u90e8 \u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff08ARPA\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0a\u9886\u5148\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u5212\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86AI\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6b65\u4f10.<\/div>\n<div class=\"anchor-list \"><a class=\"lemma-anchor para-title\" name=\"3_2\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"sub5816869_3_2\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"\u7ade\u8d5b\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"3-2\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"para-title level-3  \" data-index=\"3_2\" data-pid=\"27\">\n<h3 class=\"title-text\">\u7ade\u8d5b<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"28\"><a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/LOEBNER\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LOEBNER<\/a>\uff08\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7c7b\uff09<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"29\">\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u6167\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u582a\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u76f8\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u673a\u5668\u8111\uff08\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5177\u8bf1\u60d1\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u68a6\u60f3\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u594b\u6597\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a\u5e74\u5934\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8981\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u81ea\u7531\u4ea4\u6d41\u90a3\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u56f0\u96be\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u65e0\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u5e76\u672a\u89e6\u53ca\u5176\u5bfc\u5411\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u5916\u5ef6\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8fb9\u6cbf\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"anchor-list \"><a class=\"lemma-anchor para-title\" name=\"3_3\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"sub5816869_3_3\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"\u5927\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"3-3\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"para-title level-3  \" data-index=\"3_3\" data-pid=\"30\">\n<h3 class=\"title-text\">\u5927\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"31\">\u4ee5\u540e\u51e0\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7a0b\u5e8f.\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb&#8221;SHRDLU&#8221;.&#8221;SHRDLU&#8221;\u662f&#8221;\u5fae\u578b\u4e16\u754c&#8221;\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u62ec \u5728\u5fae\u578b\u4e16\u754c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u53ea\u6709\u6709\u9650\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u4f53\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b.\u5728MIT\u7531MARVIN 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data-pid=\"35\">\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd.\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u518d\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u7fa4\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458. \u4e2a\u4eba\u7535\u8111\u548c\u4f17\u591a\u6280\u672f\u6742\u5fd7\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6280\u672f\u5c55\u73b0\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u9762\u524d.\u6709\u4e86\u50cf\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u534f\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a.\u56e0\u4e3aAI\u5f00\u53d1 \u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8fd8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u9635\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u5165\u79c1\u4eba\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u70ed\u6f6e\u3002150\u591a\u6240\u50cfDEC\uff08\u5b83\u96c7\u4e86700\u591a\u5458\u5de5\u4ece\u4e8bAI\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u5171\u82b1\u4e8610\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7684AI\u5f00\u53d1\u7ec4\u4e0a.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"36\">\u5176\u5b83<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/AI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AI<\/a>\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u572880\u5e74\u4ee3\u8fdb\u5165\u5e02\u573a.\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9879\u5c31\u662f\u673a\u5668\u89c6\u89c9. MINSKY\u548cMARR\u7684\u6210\u679c\u5982\u4eca\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u673a\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236.\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd8\u5f88\u7b80\u964b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u9ed1\u767d\u533a\u522b\u5206\u8fa8\u51fa\u7269\u4ef6\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c.\u52301985\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u4e2a\u516c\u53f8\u751f\u4ea7<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u673a\u5668\u89c6\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf<\/a>\uff0c\u9500\u552e\u989d\u5171\u8fbe8\u5343\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"37\">\u4f4680\u5e74\u4ee3\u5bf9AI\u5de5\u4e1a\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5168\u662f\u597d\u5e74\u666f.86-87\u5e74\u5bf9AI\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4e1a\u754c\u635f\u5931\u4e86\u8fd15\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143.\u8c61 TEKNOWLEDGE\u548cINTELLICORP\u4e24\u5bb6\u5171\u635f\u5931\u8d85\u8fc76\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5927\u7ea6\u5360\u5229\u6da6\u7684\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u635f\u5931\u8feb\u4f7f\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u9886 \u5bfc\u8005\u524a\u51cf\u7ecf\u8d39.\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u5931\u671b\u7684\u662f\u56fd\u9632\u90e8\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6240\u8c13&#8221;\u667a\u80fd\u5361\u8f66&#8221;.\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7814\u5236\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u6218\u5730\u4efb\u52a1\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u673a\u5668\u4eba<\/a>\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7f3a\u9677\u548c\u6210\u529f\u65e0\u671b\uff0cPENTAGON\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ecf\u8d39.<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"38\">\n<div class=\"album-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"picture\" src=\"https:\/\/bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com\/pic\/622762d0f703918fe94cedb8513d269759eec427?x-bce-process=image\/resize,m_lfit,w_220,limit_1\/format,f_auto\" alt=\"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u673a\u5668\u4eba\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"description\">\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u673a\u5668\u4eba<span class=\"number\">(2\u5f20)<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"albumBg\"><\/div>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d7\u632b\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0cAI\u4ecd\u5728\u6162\u6162\u6062\u590d\u53d1\u5c55.\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u88ab\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u9996\u521b\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%A8%A1%E7%B3%8A%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u6a21\u7cca\u903b\u8f91<\/a>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4f5c\u51fa\u51b3\u7b56\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u9014\u5f84.\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c80\u5e74\u4ee3AI\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5b9e\u7528\u4ef7\u503c.\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fe1\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u662f\u901a\u541121\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u5319. \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u63a5\u53d7\u68c0\u9a8c \u5728&#8221;\u6c99\u6f20\u98ce\u66b4&#8221;\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u519b\u65b9\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u8bbe\u5907\u7ecf\u53d7\u4e86\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c.\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5bfc\u5f39\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9884\u8b66\u663e\u793a\u4ee5 \u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u5148\u8fdb\u6b66\u5668.AI\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u5bb6\u5ead.\u667a\u80fd\u7535\u8111\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u516c\u4f17\u5174\u8da3\uff1b\u4e00\u4e9b\u9762\u5411\u82f9\u679c\u673a\u548cIBM\u517c\u5bb9\u673a\u7684\u5e94\u7528 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f8b\u5982\u8bed\u97f3\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u8bc6\u522b\u5df2\u53ef\u4e70\u5230\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u7cca\u903b\u8f91\uff0cAI\u6280\u672f\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u6444\u50cf\u8bbe\u5907.\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4fc3 \u4f7f\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0d\u65ad\u51fa\u73b0.\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"anchor-list \"><a class=\"lemma-anchor para-title\" name=\"3_5\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"sub5816869_3_5\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"\u5f3a\u5f31\u5bf9\u6bd4\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"3-5\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"para-title level-3  \" data-index=\"3_5\" data-pid=\"39\">\n<h3 class=\"title-text\">\u5f3a\u5f31\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"40\">\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u8f83\u65e9\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff08JOHN MCCARTHY\uff09\u57281956\u5e74\u7684\u8fbe\u7279\u77db\u65af\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08DARTMOUTH CONFERENCE\uff09\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u8c61\u662f\u4eba\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u884c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6307\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u4eba\u9020\u673a\u5668\u6240\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5bf9\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5927\u591a\u53ef\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u673a\u5668\u201c\u50cf\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u601d\u8003\u201d\u3001\u201c\u50cf\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7406\u6027\u5730\u601d\u8003\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7406\u6027\u5730\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u201c\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u5e94\u5e7f\u4e49\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u91c7\u53d6\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u6216\u5236\u5b9a\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u80a2\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"41\"><b>\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd(BOTTOM-UP AI)<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"42\">\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u771f\u6b63\u80fd\u63a8\u7406\uff08REASONING\uff09\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff08PROBLEM_SOLVING\uff09\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u5c06\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6709\u77e5\u89c9\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"43\">\u7c7b\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u673a\u5668\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%80%9D%E8%80%83\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u601d\u8003<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u63a8\u7406<\/a>\u5c31\u50cf\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"44\">\u975e\u7c7b\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u673a\u5668\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u548c\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u77e5\u89c9\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u4eba\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"45\"><b>\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd(TOP-DOWN AI)<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"46\">\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u63a8\u7406\uff08REASONING\uff09\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff08PROBLEM_SOLVING\uff09\u7684\u667a\u80fd\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u771f\u6b63\u62e5\u6709\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u81ea\u4e3b\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"47\">\u4e3b\u6d41\u79d1\u7814\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5219\u5904\u4e8e\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"48\"><b>\u5bf9\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4e89\u8bba<\/b><\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"49\">\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%BC%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd<\/a>\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u7f57\u6770\u65af\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\u52d2\u9488\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5668\u521b\u9020\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"50\">\u201c\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7528\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a<\/a>\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u3002\u201d\uff08J SEARLE IN MINDS BRAINS AND PROGRAMS. THE BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES,VOL. 3,1980\uff09\u8fd9\u662f\u6307\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4ece\u4e8b\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u6db5\u4e49\u662f\u591a\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5229\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u77e5\u9053\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u53d1\u73b0\uff08HEU- RISTIC\uff09\u6cd5\u800c\u8bbe\u6cd5\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u5982\u8bc6\u522b\u4e66\u5199\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u3001\u58f0\u97f3\u7b49\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002\u518d\u6709\uff0c\u80fd\u529b\u56e0\u5b66\u4e60\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u548c\u5f52\u7eb3\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u4f9d\u636e\u7c7b\u63a8\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4f8b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u867d\u7136\u662f\u6e05\u695a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u884c\u8d77\u6765\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4eba\u80fd\u5728\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u627e\u51fa\u76f8\u5f53\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u7ade\u6280\u7684\u6bd4\u8d5b\u7b49\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u4e88\u5145\u5206\u7684\u5408\u4e4e\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u5728\u4ec5\u662f\u88ab\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e0d\u5145\u5206\u3001\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8865\u5145\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u6293\u4f4f\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5c31\u662f\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"51\">\u5173\u4e8e\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E4%B8%80%E5%85%83%E8%AE%BA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e00\u5143\u8bba<\/a>\u548c<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E4%BA%8C%E5%85%83%E8%AE%BA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u4e8c\u5143\u8bba<\/a>\uff08DUALISM\uff09\u7684\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u5176\u4e89\u8bba\u8981\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u7f16\u7801<\/a>\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\uff1f\u5e0c\u5c14\u52d2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6587\u623f\u95f4\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u673a\u5668\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7801\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f16\u7801\u548c\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u5176\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u5e0c\u5c14\u52d2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u673a\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8bf4\u660e\u673a\u5668\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u50cf\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u6709\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"52\">\u4e5f\u6709<a href=\"https:\/\/baike.baidu.com\/item\/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6<\/a>\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002DANIEL C. DENNETT \u5728\u5176\u8457\u4f5c CONSCIOUSNESS EXPLAINED \u91cc\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4e00\u53f0\u6709\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u673a\u5668\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u667a\u80fd\u800c\u666e\u901a\u673a\u5668\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5462\uff1f\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u50cf\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u673a\u5668\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"53\">\u6709\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982SIMON BLACKBURN\u5728\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u6750 THINK \u91cc\u8bf4\u9053\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u6211\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u50cf\u6211\u4e00\u6837\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8bf4\u5979\/\u4ed6\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee4\u673a\u5668\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u667a\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u5b9a\u8fd9\u673a\u5668\u662f\u771f\u7684\u6709\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u3002BLACKBURN \u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u89c2\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"54\">\u9700\u8981\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5e76\u975e\u548c\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u5f31\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\uff0c\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u50cf\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u662f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5f88\u9700\u8981\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"anchor-list \"><a class=\"lemma-anchor para-title\" name=\"3_6\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"sub5816869_3_6\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"\u653f\u7b56\u63aa\u65bd\"><\/a><a class=\"lemma-anchor \" name=\"3-6\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"para-title level-3  \" data-index=\"3_6\" data-pid=\"55\">\n<h3 class=\"title-text\">\u653f\u7b56\u63aa\u65bd<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\" data-pid=\"56\">2019\u5e746\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6cbb\u7406\u4e13\u4e1a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u300a\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6cbb\u7406\u539f\u5219\u2014\u2014\u53d1\u5c55\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u6307\u5357\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u79ef\u6781\u63a8\u52a8\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5168\u7403\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u679c\u3002<sup class=\"sup--normal\" data-sup=\"5\" data-ctrmap=\":5,\">\u00a0[5]<\/sup><a class=\"sup-anchor\" 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